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China National Aviation Corporation
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An Air China Boeing 747-400.
The China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC; simplified Chinese: 中国航空公司; traditional Chinese: 中國航空公司; pinyin: Zhōng guó háng kōng gōng sī), (abbreviation 中航) was a major airline in the Republic of China and is currently a state-owned aviation holding company in the People's Republic of China, that owns a majority of Air China and Air Macau.
CNAC Logo, taken from CNAC Zhejiang Branch aircraft, which was merged with Air China.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 History
* 2 Subsidiaries
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links
[edit] History
In 1929, it was established as China Airways by Curtiss-Wright, under the leadership of U.S. airline magnate Clement Melville Keys. In 1933, after a series of disastrous accidents and disagreements with Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek, Keys sold the company to Pan American Airways, under the control of Keys' arch-rival Juan Trippe. Pan Am placed the company under the control of banker and aviator Harold Bixby. When the Japanese invasion of China in 1937 overran all of China's maritime access, its Chinese Air Company was merged with China Airways into the China National Aviation Company (CNAC), with Pan Am owning 45% of the operation and the government the remaining 55%.
During World War II, CNAC flew supplies from Assam, India, into Yunnan, southwestern China through the Hump Route, after the Japanese blocked the Burma Road. Despite the large casualties inflicted by the Japanese and more significantly, the ever-changing weather over the Himalayas, the logistics flights ran around the clock, from April 1942, until the end of the war.
CNAC eventually operated routes from Shanghai to Beijing (Peking), Chongqing (Chungking) and Guangzhou (Canton), using Douglas DC-2 and DC-3 aircraft. Apart from purchasing war surplus planes, CNAC had also acquired brand new Douglas DC-4s, to serve the route between Shanghai and San Francisco.[1]
The downfall of CNAC's operations came on 9 November 1949, when managing director Colonel C. Y. Liu, general manager of CATC (Central Aviation Transport Corporation), Colonel C. L. Chen and some of the staff declared their wish to be Communist. On the day, 12 aircraft from CNAC and CATC were flown, without acknowledgment, from Hong Kong Kai Tak Airport to Communist controlled China. One aircraft arrived in Beijing, while the other 11 arrived at Tianjin. More remaining staff also moved to Mainland China, at a later date. Remaining aircraft in Hong Kong had transferred to the Civil Air Transport Inc., managed by the Nationalists, in an effort to save the aircraft from the Communists.
CNAC ceased operations in Mainland China, following the Communist revolution of 1949, when the Civil Aviation Administration of China took over to become the sole airline of China. However, CNAC remains a subsidiary of CAAC and incorporated in Hong Kong.
In the 1980s, CNAC acted as the overseas ticket agency of CAAC. CNAC launched its own airline, CNAC Zhejiang, in Hangzhou, with Bombardier Dash 8 aircraft and later, Airbus A320 and A319 aircraft, with the same logo painted on the aircraft's tails as in 1929. It had some 3 Boeing 737-300 in service. CNAC merged into Air China, along with China Southwest Airlines, in 2004, when the CAAC decided to consolidate the nine major state-owned airlines into three groups. The new Air China is in turned owned by the China National Aviation Holdings Company (CNAH) and is listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (code 1110).
CNAC is currently in talks with China Eastern Airlines, to purchase up to 30% of the latter airline.[2]
[edit] Subsidiaries
China National Aviation Corporation has several subsidiaries, including:
Airline subsidiaries:
* People's Republic of China Air China 100%
* Macau Air Macau 51%
* People's Republic of China Shenzhen Airlines 51% [1]
* Hong Kong Cathay Pacific Airways 29.99%
o Hong Kong Dragonair 100%
o Hong Kong Air Hong Kong 60%
Other operations:
* People's Republic of ChinaGermany Ameco Beijing 60%, Lufthansa holding the remaining stake [2]
[edit] See also
* Civil Aviation University of China
* List of defunct airlines
* state-owned enterprise
[edit] References
Text document with red question mark.svg
This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (September 2009)
1. ^ Century of Aviation in Hong Kong (香港航空百年), H. L. Song, 2003, Joint Publishing Co. Limited, Hong Kong
2. ^ South China Morning Post - CNAC touts benefits for China Eastern 2008-01-21
[edit] External links
* China National Aviation Corporation Official site for CNAC Association, a club formed in remembrance of the US staff who worked in the Republic of China-era CNAC.
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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_National_Aviation_Corporation"
Categories: Defunct airlines of China | Defunct airlines of the People's Republic of China | Airlines established in 1929 | Air China | Airlines disestablished in 1949
Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from September 2009 | All articles needing additional references | Articles containing simplified Chinese language text | Articles containing traditional Chinese language text | Articles lacking in-text citations from September 2009 | All articles lacking in-text citations | Use dmy dates from February 2011
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